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AN
EVALUATION OF WEIGHT CONTROL PRODUCTS� ADVERTISEMENTS ON THE INTERNET
Luevorasirikul
K, Gray NJ, Anderson CW
Centre for Pharmacy, Health and Society. School of Pharmacy, University
of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD
[email protected]
Background
During adolescence, weight and body image are a major health issue. While
girls perceived themselves as too fat, boys considered themselves as not being
muscular and too thin.1 Consequently, a high proportion of
adolescents are trying to change their weight and body proportions by using
weight control products in order to achieve their ideal body image, which is
defined as slimness and muscularity. Socio-cultural pressures from
families, peers and the media are considered to be the major influences
affecting the development of weight concerns.2 The media are powerful
transmitters for reflecting the ideal body image, particularly through
advertisements. Nowadays, the Internet is an easy way to access information
about diets and weight control products. By addressing the problems of weight
control advertisements, extravagant claims like fast result, no diet or exercise
required, no consumer warning, no side effects mentioned, and lack of reliable
evidence have been heightened.3,4 This study aims to develop
evaluation tools for weight control advertisements in order to inform consumer
decisions about using these products.
Method
Each of 50 Websites identified by Internet search engines for weight loss
products and weight gain products were evaluated using a specific scoring tool,
which was developed by adapting questions from the "DISCERN" tool and
reviewing all related criteria and regulations, and 12 Websites were
systematically selected to test reliability of the tool using the Pearson�s
correlation coefficient.
Results
Most sites were judged to be of overall poor quality. In the case of weight loss
product, we were most concerned regarding statements about rapid (18%) and
permanent (28%) weight loss, as well as lack of sensible advice about dieting.
There was a lack of product warnings (84%). However, safety concerns in
bodybuilding products were raised on the sites, especially warnings about side
effects in products containing steroids and creatine (92%). When retested, both
tools were reliable (r for weight loss products=0.820 and r for weight gain
products= 0.922).
Discussion
Our findings confirm those of other studies.3,4 Information on
weight control advertisements on the Internet needs to be regulated. Problems of
false claims, little advice on the healthy ways to change weight and few
warnings on side effects were highlighted in our samples.
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Xie B, Liu C, Chou CP et al. Weight perception and
psychological factors in Chinese adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health
2003; 33: 202-210.
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Wertheim EH, Paxton SJ, Schutz HK, and Muir SL. Why do
adolescent girls watch their weight? An interview study examining socio-cultural
pressures to be thin. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1997; 42(4):
345-355.
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Mason P. Diets on the internet: A slimmer�s dream or
nightmare? The Pharmaceutical Journal 2003; 270: 28-29.
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Philen RM, Ortiz DI, Auerbach SB, and Falk H. Survey of
advertising for nutritional supplements in health and bodybuilding
magazines. JAMA 1992; 268(8): 1008-1011.
Presented at the HSRPP Conference 2005, Reading
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